Prevalence of celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background. Celiac disease (CD) is more prevalent among type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients compared to the general population and can be accompanied by hypoglycemia episodes in T1D patients. Studies worldwide have reported CD prevalence with large variability. This study aimed estimate pooled of Methods. PubMed, Web Science, Science Direct, Scopus were searched without time limitation using keywords: Disease, Gluten Enteropathy, Gluten- Sensitive Wheat Hypersensitivity, Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, Endomysial Antibody Diabetes Mellitus, IDDM. Random-effects inverse variance-weighted model, subgroup analysis, meta-regression implemented. Heterogeneity was examined Cochran’s Q test I2 statistics. Results. A analysis 55 articles total sample size 71,853 revealed that 5.08% (95% CI: 4.44%, 5.73%) heterogeneity (I2 = 84%). To account for publication bias, trim-and-fill method, 4.0% 3.38%, 4.73%). The higher Asia (6.53%, 95% 4.89%, 8.16%) USA (4.89%, 3.85%, 5.93%) Europe (4.76%, 3.78%, 5.74%). In addition, studies conducted after 2008 (6.37%, 5.25%, 7.49%) significantly than those before (4.14%, 3.19%, 5.09%). quality score 10 had (7.0%, 5.04%, 8.96%) 7 (3.66%, 2.61%, 4.70%). Conclusion. highly from Asia, published year 2008, prevalence. Therefore, early screening important prevent complications CD.